The GNU Core Utilities or coreutils is a package of GNU software containing implementations for many of the basic tools, such as cat, ls, and rm, which are used on Unix-like operating systems.
Every day, we use many command-line tools to manage our systems, and perform basic tasks. Many of the programs provided by coreutils are staples in our daily life. Over the years, these tools have been updated and ported to other systems, but they still retain many of their original traits.
Alternative implementation packages, with a slightly different scope and focus, or license. For example, GPLv2-licensed BusyBox and BSD-licensed Toybox are available for use in embedded devices. There also a project called uutils-coreutils which seeks to write cross-platform CLI utilities in Rust. It aims for high compatibility with coreutils. Adoption of the tools hasn’t spread to production environments. There’s also an alternative to coreutils using software from FreeBSD but compatibility is low, user adoption is very low, and like uutils-coreutils it’s missing many commands.
Some budding open source developers have tasked themselves to modernise some of the coreutils. Here’s our favourites.
The vast number of tools provided by coreutils aren’t currently represented here. If you know of a good open source drop-in replacement for any of the other coreutils, share in the Comments section.
| Drop-in replacement for Core Utilities | ||
|---|---|---|
| cat | bat | Concatenates and prints files on the standard output |
| cp mv | pycp | Copies a file or directory Moves files or rename files |
| cut | tuc | Split text or bytes into parts and reassemble them in any order. Parts can be referenced by negative indexes |
| dd | dcfldd | Enhanced version of dd with features useful for forensics and security |
| df | duf lfs | Shows disk free space on file systems |
| du | dust Duc Ncdu | Estimates file space usage See these other alternatives |
| ls | exa lsd colorls ls++ | Lists the files in a directory See these other alternatives |
| sleepenh | sleepenh | Delay for a specified amount of time |
| tail | less | Output the last part of files. Use less +F ("forward forever" mode) |
There are lots of commands that are sometimes referred to as Core Utilities, but aren’t provided by coreutils. Commands like grep, find, cd are cornerstone commands but are provided by other packages (cd is actually a shell builtin).
This article only looks at commands provided by coreutils. If you’re not sure what coreutils provides, type:
$ dpkg-query -L coreutils
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