Elmer is a finite-element simulation suite for investigating physical systems governed by partial differential equations. It was developed by CSC, the Finnish IT Center for Science, in cooperation with universities, research organisations and industry.
The software provides numerical models for heat transfer, fluid mechanics, structural analysis, electromagnetism and other scientific disciplines. These models can be combined to investigate problems where different physical processes influence one another.
Examples include the interaction of fluid flow with temperature, thermal stresses in structural components and electromagnetic effects within engineered systems. Elmer is also used in specialised research areas such as acoustics, microfluidics and glaciology.
The suite includes the ElmerSolver computation engine, ElmerGrid for mesh-related operations and ElmerGUI for preparing and managing simulation models. Researchers can define physical properties, boundary conditions and solver configurations before examining the calculated results.
Elmer supports both relatively small studies and computationally demanding simulations. Its range of numerical methods and parallel processing capabilities make it suitable for academic research and engineering analysis.
This is free and open source software.
Key Features
- Finite-element methods for coupled physical simulations.
- Heat conduction, radiation and phase-change models.
- Incompressible fluid flow and related transport equations.
- Structural elasticity and mechanical deformation calculations.
- Electrostatics, magnetostatics and electromagnetic induction.
- Acoustics and Helmholtz equation solvers.
- Species transport and convection-diffusion models.
- Specialised models for microfluidics and free-boundary problems.
- One-, two- and three-dimensional finite-element meshes.
- Higher-order finite-element approximations.
- Stationary and transient numerical solutions.
- Direct and iterative sparse linear system solvers.
- Multigrid methods and numerical preconditioning.
- Eigenvalue calculations and selected adaptive methods.
- ElmerGUI for model preparation and configuration.
- ElmerGrid for mesh handling and conversion.
- Parallel numerical calculations for larger simulation problems.
- Cross-platform support – runs on Linux, macOS, and Windows.
Website: www.elmerfem.org
Support:
Developer: CSC, the Finnish IT Center for Science
License: GNU General Public License v2.0

Elmer is written in Fortran. Learn Fortran with our recommended free books and free tutorials.
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Read our verdict in the software roundup.
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